| On Columbus' third voyage to the new world, the fleet obtained water on the south coast of Trinidad, and in the process sighted the coast of South America, the first Europeans to see that continent. Between South America and Trinidad lies the Gulf of Paria, which Columbus explored between August 4th and August 12th. On the morning of the 13th, the fleet sailed out of the Gulf of Paria at its northern entrance and coasted west along the mainland for the next three days, reaching the island of Margarita. |
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| The ordeal consisted of two years of accusations and five years of court action, from 1613, when the accusations of handing out poison potions were first made, to 1620, when they convicted Katharina and sentenced her to the territio verbalis, the terrorization by word, despite all Johannes could do. There were tidal forces at work in this little town. The events around the duchy of Württemberg would gather into themselves all the violent changes of the day, for by their conviction of Katharina, the consistory (the duke's council), the magistrates, and the Lutheran church authorities had bundled together their fear of Copernicus and their anger against Johannes, a man they had already convicted of heresy. |
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| At his headquarters in Newburgh, New York, on August 7, 1782, General George Washington devised two new badges of distinction for enlisted men and noncommissioned officers. To signify loyal military service, he ordered a chevron to be worn on the left sleeve of the uniform coat for the rank and file who had completed three years of duty "with bravery, fidelity, and good conduct"; two chevrons signified six years of service. The second badge, for "any singularly meritorious Action," was the "Figure of a Heart in Purple Cloth or Silk edged with narrow Lace or Binding." This device, the Badge of Military Merit, was affixed to the uniform coat above the left breast and permitted its wearer to pass guards and sentinels without challenge and to have his name and regiment inscribed in a Book of Merit. The Badge specifically honored the lower ranks, where decorations were unknown in contemporary European Armies. As Washington intended, the road to glory in a patriot army is thus open to all." |
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| During the American Revolution, military affairs were largely supervised by the Continental Congress, and under the Articles of Confederation a secretary of war was put in charge of defense matters. In August, 1789, the U.S. War Dept., headed by the Secretary of War with cabinet rank, was created to organize and maintain the U.S. army : under the command of the President in time of peace and war. |
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| The Clermont ushered in a new era in the history of transportation. In addition to his work with
steamboats, Fulton made many important contributions to the development of naval warfare, the submarine, the
technology of mine warfare, the design and construction of the first steam-powered warship, and to canal
transportation. At the test in 1807, the Clermont initially failed; however, after a few adjustments to the engine, the boat carried on its way to Albany, arriving thirty-two hours later. It had moved against the Hudson current at an average of five miles an hour. |
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| The feud reached a peak on Aug. 7, 1882. That day a special election was held in Kentucky, to vote for county and state officers and an increase in the school tax. Hatfields and McCoys showed up early at the polls along Blackberry Creek, and it was soon evident that some of them carried grudges. Whiskey jugs scarcely had been tilted before Tolbert McCoy picked a fight with Preacher Anse's brother, "Bad 'lias," who he claimed owed him money for a fiddle. It was the preacher who intervened and quieted the ruckus. |
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| Revolving doors are expensive and relatively few restaurants have them. They are common, however, in skyscrapers, where they serve several important purposes. Their major function in a skyscraper has to do with equalization of air pressure. When a tall building is heated, the hot air rises, reducing the air pressure at ground level and on the lower floors. Swinging doors in such buildings allow higher-pressure cold air to enter, creating their own wind and blowing around papers, hats, and anything else that is not tied down. Revolving doors not only make the lobbies of these buildings more pleasant, they reduce energy costs by preventing cold air from entering. |
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| Washington's Walter Johnson wins the first of his total 416 victories, 7-2 over Cleveland. Cleveland manages just four hits. | ![]() |
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| Most of Roosevelt's delegates walked out of the Republican convention and held a mass meeting, where it was decided to bolt the Republican Party and found a new party. Roosevelt agreed to lead a new party if nominated. In August 1912 the national convention of the new Progressive Party met in Chicago, and nominated TR for President and Governor Hiram W. Johnson of California for Vice President. In November the Republicans for the first and only time in history came in third in both the popular and electoral vote for President. TR came in second, and because of the split in the normal Republican vote, Democrat Woodrow Wilson was elected. |
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| On August 7, 1927 an estimated 100,000 American and Canadian citizens witnessed the splendor and spectacle of the Peace Bridge's opening ceremony. For the 75 years that have followed, the Peace Bridge has been a major international link, serving as a primary economic conduit for trade and tourism between the U.S. and Canada. Furthermore, the bridge -- which was dedicated as a symbol of the peace and friendship between the U.S. and Canada -- still stands as a tribute to the relationship between our great countries. |
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| The new bills, one third smaller than previous bucks, were issued by the U.S. Treasury Department. The purpose of this change was simply to save some money on paper, but the timing inadvertently signified a new era in United States money. When the change was made there were no less than six kinds of United States paper currency, but only three months later the stock market crash ushered in the era of the Great Depression, during which three of those kinds of currency would disappear. Thirty years later, two of the remaining kinds of currency would also disappear, leaving only one. |
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| For the 2nd game in a row, Babe Ruth hits a grand slam home run as the Yanks roll to a 13-1 win over the A's in the lidlifter. Cochrane homers in his one at bat for the A's only run as the Yankees score 10 runs in the first two innings. George Pipgras is the winner. The A's take the nitecap, 4-2, as George Earnshaw goes eight innings for the win. |
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| Bunny Berigan's biggest hit was a ballad, recorded under his own name, in which he played and sang a song called I Can't Get Started for Victor Records. His solo on Tommy Dorsey's recording of Marie is a classic as well. |
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| The machine, the Mark I, was built by Harvard researcher Howard Aiken, supported by IBM. It was
constructed out of switches, relays, rotating shafts, and clutches, and was described as sounding like a "roomful of
ladies knitting." The machine contained more than 750,000 components, was 50 feet long, 8 feet tall, and weighed
approximately 5 tons! Although the Mark I is considered to be the first digital computer, its architecture was significantly different from modern machines. The device consisted of many calculators which worked on parts of the same problem under the guidance of a single control unit. Instructions were read in on paper tape, data was provided on punched cards, and the device could only perform operations in the sequence in which they were received. This machine was based on numbers that were 23 digits wide -- it could add or subtract two of these numbers in three-tenths of a second, multiply them in four seconds, and divide them in ten seconds. |
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| As the authorizing act specified that these coins were to be issued from the mints of the United States, to a total of 5,000,000, and that they could be disposed of at par or at a premium by banks or trust companies selected by the Memorial Commission, conditions were set up for a revival of the kind of speculation which had given commemoratives bad name ten years earlier. Mintage amounts are as specified in the tabulation below. The Memorial Commission attempted to distribute the 1946 issues on its own, but quickly found that it would be easier to work with coin dealers. |
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| Kon-Tiki is the record of an astonishing adventure -- a journey of 4,300 nautical miles across
the Pacific Ocean by raft. Intrigued by Polynesian folklore, biologist Thor Heyerdahl suspected that the South Sea
Islands had been settled by an ancient race from thousands of miles to the east, led by a mythical hero, Kon-Tiki. He
decided to prove his theory by duplicating the legendary voyage. On April 28, 1947, Heyerdahl and five other adventurers sailed from Peru on a balsa log raft. After three months on the open sea, encountering raging storms, whales, and sharks, they sighted land -- the Polynesian island of Puka Puka. |
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| Sponsored on both radio and television by U.S. Tobacco, Kane hung out at, and alwayys found a reason to pass though Happy McMann's Tobacco Shop, all the better to plug the sponsor's products. Played by actor William Gargan in both media, Kane was a easy-going, affable man, sporting a bowtie and smoking a pipe, and looked for all the world like somebody's uncle, but under the veneer, he was hard and determined, and nobody's patsy. He may have been cooperative with the cops, and he may have tried to avoid violence, but he was the real deal, from all accounts, even if the medium wasn't. |
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| In 1950, Douglas replaced the turbojet with an LR-8 rocket engine, and its pilot, William B. Bridgeman, flew the aircraft seven times up to a speed of Mach 1.88 (1.88 times the speed of sound) and an altitude of 79,494 feet (24,230 m), the latter an unofficial world's altitude record at the time, achieved on August 15, 1951. In the rocket configuration, a Navy P2B (Navy version of the B-29) launched the airplane at approximately 30,000 feet after taking off from the ground with the Skyrocket attached beneath its bomb bay. During Bridgeman's supersonic flights, he encountered a violent rolling motion known as lateral instability that was less pronounced on the Mach 1.88 flight on August 7, 1951, than on a Mach 1.85 flight in June when he pushed over to a low angle of attack (angle of the fuselage or wing to the prevailing wind direction). |
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| Though they had self-penned their first charted hit, "Crazy 'Bout You Baby", they would find a new niche with a focus on cover tunes originally recorded by R&B/doo wop vocal groups. Their version of The Chords' "Sh-Boom", with its highly original big-band orchestration, began their string of hits when it went to Number One in 1954. |
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| Explorer 6 was a small, spheroidal satellite designed to study trapped radiation of various energies, galactic cosmic rays, geomagnetism, radio propagation in the upper atmosphere, and the flux of micrometeorites. It also tested a scanning device designed for photographing the earth's cloud cover. A UHF transmitter was used for the digital telemetry and the TV signal. Two VHF transmitters were used to transmit the analog signal. The VHF transmitters were operated continuously. The UHF transmitter was operated for only a few hours each day. |
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| The Soviet Union successfully launched Vostok II into orbit with Gherman S. Titov as pilot. The spacecraft carried life-support equipment, radio and television for monitoring the condition of the cosmonaut, tape recorder, telemetry system, biological experiments, and automatic and manual control equipment. After 17.5 orbits, the spacecraft reentered on August 7 and landed safely at 7:18 GMT near Krasny Kut, Saratov. Titov made a separate parachute landing in an ejector couch. Flight objectives: Investigation of the effects on the human organism of a prolonged flight in orbit and subsequent return to the surface of the Earth; investigation of man's ability to work during a prolonged period of weightlessness. Titov took manual control of spacecraft but suffered from space sickness. He was equipped with a professional quality Konvas movie camera, with which ten minutes of film of the earth were taken through the porthole. |
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| In the Mets 7-3 win over the St. Louis Cardinals, Jim Hickman hits for the cycle, doing it in order. Both are firsts for the New York Mets. | ![]() |
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| They released the Edwardian-era music hall number "I'm Henry the Eighth, I Am," specifically for the American market. The latter record reportedly made the group members cringe over what it would do to their image in England, but in America it hit number one and chalked up yet another gold record award. |
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| Following a temporary breakup, the Bee Gees promisingly kicked off the Seventies with another round of pop hits: "Lonely Days" and "How Can You Mend a Broken Heart. |
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| A hundred thousand people gathered on the ground to watch in awe as twenty-four-year-old high wire artist Philippe Petit made eight crossings between the all-but-completed towers, a quarter mile above the earth, over the course of nearly an hour. |
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| Viking 2 was launched September 9, 1975 and entered Mars orbit on August 7, 1976. Viking Lander 2 touched down at Utopia Planitia on September 3, 1976. The Orbiters imaged the entire surface of Mars at a resolution of 150 to 300 meters, and selected areas at 8 meters. Viking Orbiter 2 was powered down on July 25, 1978 after 706 orbits, and Viking Orbiter 1 on August 17, 1980, after over 1,400 orbits. |
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| Along with its later arriving twin, the robotic Vikings gulped down scoops of dirt, digesting the material in a kind of exotic microbial game of feast or famine. |
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| Kiki Dee kicked around Britain as a white soul singer for the better part of the late '60s and early '70s -- even becoming the first British Caucasian signed to Motown -- before hooking up with Elton John, who signed her to his Rocket Records label and produced her first notable hit, "I've Got the Music in Me." In 1976, at which time John was the biggest pop star in the world, he wrote and duetted with Dee on the single "Don't Go Breaking My Heart," which promptly topped the charts all over the world. |
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| Their first short-lived flirtation with glory came with the song "Eye Of The Tiger", used as the theme to the Rocky III movie. The single, with its heavy drumbeat and rousing chorus, became a worldwide number 1 hit in 1982, and is still a staple of FM radio and various advertising campaigns. |
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| The International Amateur Athletic Federation (IAAF) held the first world track and field championships in 1983, in Helsinki, Finland. The championships were originally held every four years, in the year preceding the Olympics. Since 1991, they've been held every two years. |
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| Lynne Cox, 30, took two hours and six minutes to cross the Bering Strait which separates the Arctic and Pacific oceans - and the two superpowers. She swam the 2.7 miles (4.3 km) from Alaska to Siberia in a bathing suit despite warnings the temperature of the water - which is frozen for most of the year - was dangerously low at around 5°C. Experts believe she succeeded because of a combination of determination and her own body fat which insulated her like a seal. |
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| Greg Maddux becomes the 22nd pitcher in major league history to reach 300 victories, leading the Chicago Cubs to an 8 - 4 victory over San Francisco. |
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| Barry Bonds breaks Hank Aaron's storied record with one out in the fifth inning, creaming a full-count, 84 mph pitch from Washington National's pitcher Mike Bacsik 435 feet to right-center field. |
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1498 Columbus arrives in Caribbean
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1620 Kepler's mother arrested for witchcraft
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1782 George Washington created the Order of the
Purple Heart
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1789 US War Department established
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1807 First servicable steamboat the Clermont goes
on first voyage
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1820 First potatoes planted in Hawaii
1882 Hatfields of south WV & McCoys of east
Ky feud, 100 wounded or die
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1888 Theophilus Van Kannel of Phila patents revolving
door
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1906 Flexible Flyer was trademark registered.
1907 Walter Johnson pitched his first major-league
victory
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1912 Progressive (Bull Moose) Party nominates
Theodore Roosevelt for president
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1927 Peace Bridge between US & Canada dedicated
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1928 The U.S. dollar shrinks
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1929 Ruth ties record by hitting grand slams in
consecutive games
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1937 Bunny Berigan and his orchestra recorded
"I Cant Get Started"
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1940 Largest amount paid for a stamp ($45,000
for 1 1856 British Guiana)
1944 The world's first program-controlled calculator
More ...
1946 First coin bearing portrait of Negro authorized
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1947 The balsa wood raft Kon-Tiki crashed into a reef in
a Polynesian archipelago
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1949 "Martin Kane, Private Eye" was
first heard on Mutual radio
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1951 Douglas D-558-II Skyrocket reaches 1,238
mph
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1954 "Sh-Boom" by the Crew-Cuts topped
the charts
More ...
1959 Explorer 6 transmits first TV photo of Earth
from space
More ...
1961 Cosmonaut Gherman Titov circles Earth for
a full day in Vostok 2
More ...
1963 Jim Hickman becomes the 1st NY Met to hit for the cycle
More ...
1965 "I'm Henry VIII, I Am" by Herman's
Hermits topped the charts
More ...
1970 First computer chess tournament
1971 "How Can You Mend a Broken Heart?"
by the Bee Gees topped the charts
More ...
1974 Philippe Petit tightropes between
the twin towers of the World Trade Center
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1976 US Viking 2 goes into Martian orbit after
11-month flight from Earth
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1976 Viking I finds strongest indications to date of possible life on Mars
More ...
1976 "Don't Go Breaking My Heart" by
Elton John & Kiki Dee topped the charts
More ...
1982 "Eye of the Tiger" by Survivor
topped the charts
More ...
1983 First World Track & Field Championships
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1984 Jim Deshales becomes 1,000th playing Yankee
1985 Baseball players end a 2 day strike
1986 Daniel Buettner, Bret Anderson, Martin Engel
& Anne Knabe begin cycling journey of 15,266 miles from Prudhoe Bay Alaska
to Argentina
1987 Lynne Cox swims 2.7 miles from US to USSR
More ...
2004 Greg Maddux wins his 300th for the Cubs
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2007 Barry Bonds sets career home run mark
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