| In 1610, Galileo Galilei discovered Callisto, the fourth satellite of Jupiter. Galileo originally called the Jupiter's moons the "Medicean planets", after the Medici family and referred to the individual moons numerically as I, II, III and IV. Galileo's naming system would be used for a couple of centuries. It wouldn't be until the mid-1800's that the names of the Galilean moons, Io, Europa, Ganymede and Callisto, would be officially adopted, and only after it became apparent that naming moons by number would be very confusing as new additional moons were being discovered. |
![]() |
Close this window |
| Plymouth Colony’s Patent from the Council for New England was issued January 13, 1630, to William Bradford and Associates, and transferred in 1639 to the whole body of freemen of the Colony. It is signed by the Earl of Warwick, an officer of the Council for New England, and hence is sometimes called the Warwick Patent. |
Close this window |
| Two stars were added for the admission of Vermont and Kentucky. The 15-star, 15 stripe flag was authorized by the Flag Act of January 13, 1794, adding 2 stars and 2 stripes. The regulation went into effect on May 1, 1795 | ![]() |
Close this window | |
| In 1854, the first U.S. patent for an accordion was issued to Anthony Faas of Philadephia. Pa. Faas claimed two improvements. First, he combined with the diatonic scale of the large keys two other scales, namely, one for producing all the intermediate notes, or semitones, and the other founded upon the subdominant of said diatonic scale, and both arranged so as to be fingered by a single set of small keys for the purpose of enabling the instrument to produce full and correct harmony in any key. His second improvement consisted in providing the accordion with a sound-board, for the purpose of producing more strength, fullness and resonance of tone with the instrument. |
Close this window |
| Thomas Crapper was a real enough person. He was born in Yorkshire in 1837 -- long after the first flush toilets came into use. His biography by Wallace Reyburn is titled Flushed with Pride. It's all very tongue-in-cheek, but it's nevertheless quite complete. Thomas Crapper apprenticed as a plumber when he was still a child. By the time he was 30, he'd set up his own business in London. He developed and manufactured sanitary facilities of all sorts until his death in 1910. He held many patents and was in fact an important and extremely inventive figure in creating modern water-closet systems. |
![]() |
Close this window |
| The National Geographic Society was founded in the United States on January 27, 1888, by 33 men who were interested in "organizing a society for the increase and diffusion of geographical knowledge." They had begun discussing forming the Society two weeks earlier on January 13, 1888. Gardiner Greene Hubbard became its first president and his son-in-law, Alexander Graham Bell, eventually succeeded him. |
Close this window |
| Notable in Zola's career was his involvement in the Dreyfus affair with his open letter “J'Accuse." Zola wrote challenging. Alfred Dreyfus (1859-1935) was a French Jewish army officer, who was falsely charged with giving military secrets to the Germans. He was transported to Devil's Island in French Guiana. The case was tried again in 1899 and he was found first guilty and pardoned, but later the verdict was reversed. |
![]() |
Close this window |
| In 1906, this date is sometimes given for the first U.S. advertisement for a radio receiver. However, the earliest one-inch advertisement for the Telimco appeared in the November 25, 1905 issue of the Scientific American. Both these, and several similar weekly advertisements in between, were run by Hugo Gernsback of The Electro Importing Company of New York. It seems that Gernsback himself appeared to have forgotten the exact date on which the first Telimco advertisement appeared. The Electro Importing catalogs from the mid-teens state that the ads premiered in Scientific American in Nov 1905. However, in a special issue of Radio Craft published in Mar 1938, Gernsback gave the date as January 13, 1906. |
![]() |
Close this window |
| January 13, 1910 witnessed the first radio broadcast of a full opera performance, as Lee DeForest transmitted a double-bill, Cavalleria Rusticana and I Pagliacci, from the Metropolitan Opera House in New York City. At the time of this test, customers in some European cities could subscribe to local opera performances, carried over telephone lines. DeForest was investigating whether the same thing could be done using radio. But, in spite of the optimistic tone adopted in this article, it is clear from this and other contemporary accounts that the test proved a nearly total failure. |
Close this window |
| In a January 13, 1920, editorial-page feature, the New York Times ridiculed rocket scientist Robert H. Goddard for believing a rocket could operate in a vacuum. Almost five decades later, the newspaper ate crow with a humorous and self-effacing correction. |
Close this window |
| In 1928, three television sets were installed by RCA and GE in homes in Schenectady, New York. American inventor E.F.W. Alexanderson demonstrated the first home television receiver which delivered a poor and unsteady picture only 1.5 inches square. The picture, with 48 lines at 16 frames per second, was transmitted over 2XAF on 37.8 meters and the sound was transmitted over WGY radio station. The sets were in the homes of Alexanderson and two board members. On 28 May 1928, the first television station WGY began broadcasting regular programs on Tuesday, Thursday, and Friday afternoons from 1:30 to 3:30 pm, using 24 lines. Sets were built and distributed by General Electric in Schenectady. |
![]() |
Close this window |
| Walt Disney was approached by King Features Syndicate with the offer to licence Mickey and his supporting characters for use in a comic strip. Walt accepted and Mickey made his first comic strip appearance on January 13, 1930. The comical plot was credited to Walt Disney himself, art to Ub Iwerks and inking to Win Smith. The first week or so of the strip featured a loose adaptation of Plane Crazy. Minnie soon became the first addition to the cast. |
![]() |
Close this window |
| Monty Stratton was listed along with 31 other players on the roster of the Chicago White Sox. Stratton stated that his determination to play ball allowed him to continue pitching even though he used an artificial leg (the result of a hunting mishap). | ![]() |
Close this window | |
| In 1942, the first U.S. patent for construction of an automobile using plastic was issued to Henry Ford of Dearborn, Mich. It covered an automobile body construction, an auto body chassis frame made of steel tubes or pipes designed for use with automobiles made from plastics. The first such car manufactured in the U.S. was produced by the Ford Motor Company, Dearborn, Mich. in Aug 1941. Fourteen plastic panels were mounted on a tubular welded frame. Together with windows and windshield made of acrylic sheets, a decrease in weight of approximately 30 percent was accomplished. |
![]() |
Close this window |
| The most popular theory as to how this flying disc came to be dates back to the 1920s when Yale students invented a game of catch by tossing around metal pie tins from the Frisbee Baking Company in nearby Bridgeport, Connecticut. They would frequently shout “Frisbieeeee” to warn passersby of the oncoming pie plate. Building inspector Fred Morrison puttered with and refined a plastic flying disc that he sold to WHAM-O (for $1 million) on this day in 1955. The disc was introduced to the consumer market in 1957 as the Pluto Platter. Wham-O changed the name to Frisbee in 1958, upon hearing the Yale pie-tin story. (Mattel now owns the rights to Frisbee, which has become an American icon.) |
![]() |
Close this window |
| Elvis Presley recorded "All Shook Up" and "That’s When Your Heartaches Begin" for Victor Records in Hollywood. The former tune became Elvis’ ninth consecutive gold record. He also recorded two tracks for his “Elvis Sings Christmas Songs” album ("(There'll Be) Peace in the Valley (For Me)" and "Take My Hand, Precious Lord." | ![]() |
Close this window | |
| In 1958, Linus Pauling (1901-1994) presented the petition of 9,000 scientists to the U.N., asking to halt the testing of nuclear bombs. Pauling, together with his wife, was instrumental in collecting thousands of signatures from scientists all over the world for the petition to end nuclear bomb testing, which was presented to Dag Hammarskjöld, secretary general of the United Nations. A few months later the Soviet Union called for an immediate halt to nuclear testing, and in October, after more tests by both sides that added markedly to world concern about fallout, talks began in Geneva to discuss details of a possible test ban. |
Close this window |
| Hank Ballard got the idea for the song by watching his backup group, The Midnighters, on stage. To Ballard the group often moved onstage like they were "trying to put a cigarette out." In a sense, they were twisting. Thus, the title of the song. | ![]() |
Close this window | |
| John Lennon hated the song. He viewed it as an inconsequential song of McCartney's, saying it was "three minutes of contradictions and meaningless juxtapositions." What further infuriated Lennon was that his "I Am The Walrus," was issued as the B-side to McCartney's A-side "Hello Goodbye." | ![]() |
Close this window | |
| The British soundrack recording for Yellow Submarine was issued on January 17, 1969 on the Parlophone label. The U.S. version of the Yellow Submarine soundtrack album was released on January 13, 1969 by Capitol Records. This animated psychedelic adventure brings the Beatles to Pepperland to help thwart the Blue Meanies. It seems the Blue Meanies have taken over, and it's up to the fab four to help Fred return music and happiness to Pepperland. |
![]() |
Close this window |
| Gera made baseball history as the first female umpire in the sport. Barred by minor league baseball for five years, Gera won a landmark lawsuit allowing her to work as an umpire. Gera's one and only game as a professional umpire took place June 24, 1972 in a New York-Pennsylvania League game in Geneva, New York. | ![]() |
Close this window | |
| Simon has never said who this is about. Some of the rumors are Warren Beatty, Kris Kristofferson, Cat Stevens, and Mick Jagger, all of whom she had affairs with. Simon started recording this with Harry Nilsson singing backup, but Mick Jagger ended up singing on it instead, although he was not credited on the album. | ![]() |
Close this window | |
| The worldwide sales of the 1979 Spirits Having Flown album topped 30 million and was accompanied by three more number one singles in "Tragedy," "Too Much Heaven," and "Love You Inside Out." As a side-light to the group's success, a fourth Gibb brother, Andy Gibb, was enjoying massive chart success during this same period as a singer, working in a slightly lighter-textured dance vein. | ![]() |
Close this window | |
| There were various reports of Friday-the-13th virus deletions in Britain, attacking MS-DOS systems. The so-called virus "has been frisky and hundreds of people, including a large firm with over 400 computers, have telephoned with their problems," according to Alan Solomon, director of Sand S Enterprises, a data recovery center in Chesham. |
Close this window |
| "Another Day in Paradise" addresses the problem of ignoring the needy and homeless. David Crosby of Crosby, Stills, and Nash, sings on this. | ![]() |
Close this window | |
![]() |
|||
