| Visiting the Shaker community at New Lebanon, N.Y., in 1851, Borden observed sugar making with airtight pans and decided that milk could be condensed and could remain wholesome indefinitely. In 1853 he applied for a patent on a process for extracting 75 percent of the water from milk and adding sugar to the residue. The patent was denied on the grounds that the process was not new. Three years later, after demonstrating that the use of vacuum pans was novel and essential to the process, he received the patent. |
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| In January 1862, Alvin G. Clark fulfilled his prediction by discovering a companion to Sirius A, the "white dwarf" star Sirius B or "the pup." This companion to Sirius has been an object of greatest interest since its discovery. Its mass is nearly equal to that of our Sun, while its diameter is 19,000 miles wide — 40 to 50 times smaller than our sun's — and an incredible density of about 90,000 times that of our sun. |
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| In the waning days of the war, which ran from 1861 to 1865, the Congress approved an amendment to abolish slavery in all of the United States. Once the CSA was defeated, approval of the 13th Amendment was quick in the Northern states. By the end of 1865, eight of the eleven Confederate states had also ratified it. Proposed on January 31, 1865, it was ratified on December 6, 1865 (309 days). Eventually, all of the CSA states except Mississippi ratified the 13th after the war; Mississippi ratified the amendment in 1995. |
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| On January 31, 1874 one of the most famous train robberies in history occurred at Gads Hill, MO. The James Gang wanted to hold up the train for two reasons. First, the gang had been informed that Allan Pinkerton the famous detective was going to be onboard. Pinkerton had been hired to find and apprehend or kill James. The James Gang wanted to eliminate the Pinkerton threat by killing him. The other reason that they wanted to rob the train was to steal from the rich passengers that would be onboard. According to one of the passengers, James H. Morley, chief engineer of the St. Louis, Iron Mountain and Southern Railroad, the bandits robbed the passengers clean and made off with $10,000. Allan Pinkerton was not onboard, so the train robbery was not a complete success. |
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| Coca-cola was invented by a Dr. John Stith Pemberton in 1886. Frank Robinson, the company’s bookkeeper, had excellent penmanship. It was he who first scripted "Coca Cola" into the flowing letters which has become the famous logo of today. The soft drink was first sold to the public at the soda fountain in Jacob's Pharmacy in Atlanta on May 8, 1886. Until 1905, the soft drink, marketed as a tonic, contained extracts of cocaine as well as the caffeine-rich kola nut. By the late 1890s, Coca-Cola was one of America's most popular fountain drinks. |
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| National League President John Heydler ruled that Rogers Hornsby cannot continue to both hold stock in the St. Louis Cardinals and play for the New York Giants. Seemingly oblivious, the Cards board of directors meeting in St. Louis, voted stockholders a 10% dividend, earning Hornsby $2916 for his 1167 shares. | ![]() |
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| In 1924 Goldkette decided to put together a top-notch jazz outfit that could rival the popularity of Paul Whiteman's orchestra. Famous names featured at various times in Goldkette's banner group included Eddie Lang, Joe Venuti, Russ Morgan, and Tommy Dorsey and Jimmy Dorsey. But despite the proliferation of talented performers the band's first couple of years were unexceptional. It finally came to life, however, in 1926 when trumpeter Bix Beiderbecke and saxophonist Frankie Trumbauer joined. On wax the group recorded many significant sides for RCA Victor. Live it was second to none, even defeating Fletcher Henderson's orchestra in a battle of the bands. Goldkette himself did not perform in any group which bore his name. |
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| The first glider flight in the U.S. took place at Lakehurst, New Jersey as Lt. Ralph Barnaby of the U.S. Navy glided after his craft was released from the rigid dirigible Los Angeles (ZR-3) at an altitude of 3,000 feet. |
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| Acting to protect the American dollar and foreign trade against the declining fortune of other countries' currencies, President Roosevelt devalues America's currency by 40%. |
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| The Green Hornet was a radio program that ran on WXYZ (Detroit), the Mutual Network and the ABC Blue Network from January 31, 1936 to December 5, 1952. Created by WXYZ's George W. Trendle and Fran Striker, who also created The Lone Ranger, the juvenile adventure series initially starred Al Hodge in the title role. The radio show used Rimsky-Korsakov's "Flight of the Bumblebee" as its theme song, blended with a hornet buzz created on a theremin. You may remember that the title character in "The Green Hornet" was really named Britt Reid. He was, in fact, supposed to be the great nephew of John Reid, the Lone Ranger. |
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| "These Are My Children" was the first soap opera to air on a major network. Created by Irna Phillips and directed by Norman Felton, the show was based in large part on Phillips's early radio soaps "Today's Children and Painted Dreams." Children centered on an Irish widow, Mrs. Henehan and her struggles to run a boarding house as well as help her three children and new daughter-in-law Jean. Critics were not impressed; Television World ended their review with: "There is no place on television for this type of program, a blank screen is preferable." |
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| In 1950, President Harry S. Truman announced a program to develop the American hydrogen bomb. "I have directed ... work on all forms of atomic weapons, including the so called hydrogen or superbomb.” This response followed his earlier announcement, on September 23, 1949, that had shocked America, "We have evidence that within recent weeks an atomic explosion occurred in the USSR." | ![]() |
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| "Don't Let the Stars Get in Your Eyes" was written by Slim Willet and was recorded by Perry Como on November 4, 1952. It was released by RCA Victor, as a 78rpm single and a 45rpm single, with the flip side "Lies." This record reached #1 on the US Billboard charts. | ![]() |
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| Developed at RCA's David Sarnoff Research Center (near Princeton, NJ), it was the brainchild of Harry Olson, and Herbert Belar. Olson was also the designer of a number of RCA's microphones. This huge and unwieldy system was controlled by a punched paper roll, similar to a player piano roll. A keyboard was used to punch the roll. Each note had to be individually described by a number of parameters (frequency, volume, envelope, etc.) The output was fed to disk recording machines, which stored the results on lacquer-coated disks. |
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| The first American satellite, Explorer 1, was launched into Earth's orbit on a Jupiter C missile from Cape Canaveral, Florida. Aboard Explorer 1 were a micrometeorite detector and a cosmic ray experiment designed by Dr. Van Allen and his graduate students. Data from Explorer 1 and Explorer 3 (launched March 26, 1958) were used by the Iowa group to make the first space-age scientific discovery: the existence of a doughnut-shaped region of charged particle radiation trapped by Earth’s magnetic field. |
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| Although The Platters recording has become the definitive version, recordings have been made by Artie Shaw (1941), Harry Belafonte (1950), Sarah Vaughan, and others. | ![]() |
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| “The Fabulous Fifties” was a retrospective look back at the previous decade presented on CBS-TV. It starred Julie Andrews, Leora Dana, Henry Fonda, Jackie Gleason, Rex Harrison, Maria Karnilova, and Dick Van Dyke. | ![]() |
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| In 1961, the U.S. launched a 4-year-old male chimpanzee named Ham on a Mercury-Redstone 2 rocket into suborbital flight to test the capabilities of the Mercury capsule. During his 16.5 minute suborbital flight, Ham experienced about 7 minutes of weightlessness, reached an altitude of 108 miles and a speed of 13,000 mph. He was wired to medical sensors to monitor his vital signs. During flight, Ham performed some simple tasks such as pulling levers when a light came on for a reward of banana pellets. Ham was recovered safely 1,425 miles downrange. This was a test flight before risking the lives of human beings. Now, after Ham's successful flight, NASA was ready to launch the first Mercury astronaut, Alan Shepard, into sub-orbital flight three months later. |
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| SAMOS satellites took pictures on film, developed the film in orbit, and transmitted TV scans of the pictures to Earth. Because the TV pictures were much blurrier than the film, SAMOS had low resolution even for its day (520 feet), and some authorities (e.g., Herbert Scoville, Jr., arms-control expert and onetime CIA analyst) have claimed that SAMOS never produced useful data. |
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| The Luna 9 spacecraft above performed the first soft landing on another planetary body. Following a series of failures, the Soviet probe touched down in the Moon's Oceanus Procellarum region February 3, 1966. It accomplished this milestone in lunar exploration only shortly after the death of Sergei Korolev, the father of the Soviet Space Program. Reportedly, Korolev's colleagues wished to dedicate the Luna 9 mission to him but were unable to as his role as the Chief Designer was still a state secret. |
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| "I Want You Back" was the first Jackson 5 single released by Motown Records. It launched their career. Michael Jackson sang lead. He was 11 years old and the youngest of the group. There was one younger Jackson brother named Randy, who replaced Jermaine in the group in 1977. It was written by a team of Motown writers called The Corporation. The head of the label, Berry Gordy, was one of the writers. | ![]() |
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| Apollo 14 landed in the Fra Mauro region, the intended landing site of the aborted Apollo 13 mission. The astronauts used the Modularized Equipment Transporter (MET) to haul equipment during two EVAs (later missions would use the Lunar Roving Vehicle). They collected samples, took photographs, and the nearby Cone crater. One of the more famous moments came at the end of the second EVA when Apollo 14 commander Alan Shepard hit 2 golf balls on the Moon. |
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| Lead singer "Sugar" Bonner wrote the lyrics around a comment of a band mate, who said that since the group loved what they were doing (in concert) they should consider the airplane ride a "love roller coaster." This song was used for the movie Final Destination 3, which follows a group of teenagers who avoid death by rollercoaster, but cannot escape fate. | ![]() |
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| Although made popular by Blondie (and later remade by Atomic Kitten), "The Tide is High" was actually written by Jamaican DJ Duke Reid in the 1930's. It was put on a piano roll for a player piano and then arranged later by John Holt for the Paragons in the '60s. After they disbanded, John did an updated version. | ![]() |
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| "At This Moment" was written in 1977, but no one wanted to record it, although Dionne Warwick and Olivia Newton-John came close to doing so. Billy Vera And The Beaters finally released it in 1981 as the followup to "I Can Take Care of Myself" on the Japanese-owned Alfa label. | ![]() |
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| This song was Janet's dedication to all of her friends she lost to AIDS. She said they would be together again in heaven. | ![]() |
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1842 John Tyler's daughter Elizabeth
marries in the White House
1851 Gail Borden announced his invention of evaporated
milk.
More ...
1862 Telescope maker Alvin Clark discovers dwarf
companion of Sirius
More ...
1865 Congress passes 13th Amendment, abolishing
slavery in America
More ...
1874 Jesse James gang robs train at Gads Hill,
MO
More ...
1893 COCA-COLA trademark for "nutrient or
tonic beverages" registered
More ...
1927 National League President John Heydler rules
against stockholder Roger Hornsby
More ...
1927 Jean Goldkette and his dancing orchestra recorded,
"Im Looking Over a Four-Leaf Clover"
More ...
1930 First US glider flight from a dirigible,
Lakehurst New Jersey
More ...
1934 FDR devalues the dollar in relation to gold
at $35 per ounce
More ...
1936 "The Green Hornet" was first
heard on WXYZ radio in Detroit, MI
More ...
1949 First daytime soap on TV "These Are
My Children" (NBC in Chicago)
More ...
1950 President Truman ordered
the development of the hydrogen bomb
More ...
1953 New York, Cleveland & Boston retaliate
at Bill Veeck, forcing the Browns to play afternoon games to avoid sharing
TV revenues
1953 "Don't Let the Stars Get in Your Eyes"
by Perry Como
More ...
1955 RCA demonstrates first music synthesizer
More ...
1958 "Jackpot Bowling" premieres on
NBC with Leo Durocher as host
1958 US launches their first artificial satellite,
Explorer 1
More ...
1959 "Smoke Gets In Your Eyes" by The
Platters topped the charts
More ...
1960 TV special titled, "The Fabulous
Fifties" airs on CBS
More ...
1961 Ham is first primate in space (158 miles)
aboard Mercury/Redstone 2
More ...
1961 USAF launches Samos spy satellite to replace
U-2 flights
More ...
1966 Luna 9 launched for moon
More ...
1970 "I Want You Back" by the Jackson
5 topped the charts
More ...
1971 Apollo 14 blasted off with astronaut/golfer
Allen B. Sheppard Jr. on board
More ...
1974 McDonald's founder Ray Kroc buys San Diego
Padres
1976 "Love Rollercoaster" by the Ohio
Players topped the charts
More ...
1981 "The Tide Is High" by Blondie topped
the charts
More ...
1983 Michael Jackson's "Thriller" was
copyrighted
1987 "At This Moment" by Billy Vera
& the Beaters topped the charts
More ...
1990 First McDonald's in Russia opens in Moscow,
world's biggest McDonald's
1998 "Together Again" by Janet Jackson
topped the charts
More ...