| The Julian calendar, introduced by Juliius Caesar in -45, was a solar calendar with months of fixed lengths. Every fourth year an intercalary day was added to maintain synchrony between the calendar year and the tropical year. It served as a standard for European civilization until the Gregorian Reform of +1582. The year -45 has been called the "year of confusion," because in that year Julius Caesar inserted 90 days to bring the months of the Roman calendar back to their traditional place with respect to the seasons. This was Caesar's first step in replacing a calendar that had gone badly awry. |
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| In 1641 a tract near the mouth of York River, three miles square, was incorporated by Sir Ferdinando Gorges, proprietor of the province, as the town of Agamenticus. In 1642, Gorges, desirous of a suitable capital for his Province of Maine, replaced the town corporation by a chartered city, upon which he bestowed the name of Georgeana. |
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| On March 1, 1692, Salem, Massachusetts authorities charged Sarah Goode, Sarah Osborne, and a slave woman, Tituba, with practicing witchcraft. The arrests inaugurated the infamous Salem Witch Trials of 1692. Over the following months, more than 150 men and women in and around Salem were jailed on sorcery charges. Nineteen people eventually hanged on Gallows Hill and an additional victim was pressed to death. |
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| The Gradual Abolition Law enacted in 1780 was meant to gradually abolish slavery within Pennsylvania. No slaves were immediately freed. You had six months to register your enslaved in Pennsylvania. After the six months if the enslaved were not registered and they were over 28 they were free. If the enslaved were registered or not yet 28 years of age, they remained enslaved until they were 28 years old. If there were children born while they were enslaved the owners could register the children who then in turn were enslaved until they were 28. |
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| The Articles, which united the Thirteen Colonies of the American Revolutionary War into a loose confederation, were adopted by the Second Continental Congress on November 15, 1777, after months of debate. The Articles were ratified three years later on March 1, 1781. The Articles were replaced by the United States Constitution on June 21, 1788, when the ninth state, New Hampshire, ratified the Constitution. |
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| Shortly after George Washington became President, the first census was taken. It listed the head of household, and counted (1) the number of free White males age 16 and over, and under 16 (to measure how many men might be available for military service), (2) the number of free White females, all other free persons (including any Indians who paid taxes), and (3) how many slaves there were. The law required that the returns be made in a specified form, but the enumerators (U.S. marshals and their assistants) had to furnish their own paper, using all sorts of books and sheets to record the information. It took 18 months to complete the census. |
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| A Presidential Succession Act of 1792 provided that after the vice president, the next officials in line would be the president pro tempore (presiding officer) of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives. |
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| In 1864, Rebecca Lee Crumpler became the first black woman to receive an American medical degree, from the New England Female Medical College in Boston. She began in 1852-1860 as a nurse in Massachusetts. As a medical pioneer who prevailed over the severest of societal restrictions, she spent her lifetime working to improve the health of the black community. |
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| In 1868 the Post Office contracted with the National Bank Note Company to produce new stamps with a variety of designs. These came out in 1869, and were notable for the variety of their subjects; the 2¢ depicted a Pony Express rider, the 3¢ a locomotive, the 12¢ the steamship Adriatic, the 15¢ the landing of Christopher Columbus, and the 24¢ the signing of the Declaration of Independence. Other innovations included the first use of two-color printing on U.S. stamps, and as a consequence the first invert errors. | |
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| Upon learning about the natural wonders of the yellowstone region, Ferdinand V. Hayden assembled a large and talented scientific party of geologists, zoologists, botanists and a variety of others including photographer William H. Jackson and artist Thomas Moran. His highly successful expedition gathered hundreds of specimens in addition to producing a wealth of notes, photographs and artistic sketches, and confirmed the wonders of Yellowstone - up to that time largely unverified. In Washington, Hayden set about compiling his findings in an official report that joined others in urging ogress to set aside the Yellowstone region as America's first national park. That was accomplished just a few short months later when, in March 1872, President Ulysses Grant signed into law an act creating Yellowstone National Park. |
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| In 1867 Christopher Sholes, Carlos Glidden, and Samuel W. Soule invented another typewriter. The Sholes and Glidden typewriter was the first device that allowed an operator to type substantially faster than a person could write by hand. The patent was sold for $12,000 to Densmore and Yost, who made an agreement with E. Remington and Sons (then famous as a manufacturer of sewing machines), to commercialize what was known as the Sholes and Glidden Type-Writer. Remington started production of their first typewriter on March 1, 1873 in Ilion, New York. |
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| The novel was produced in book form in July 1888, published by Ward, Lock & Co. This book was illustrated by Arthur Conan Doyle's father, Charles Doyle. A second edition appeared the following year and contained illustrations by George Hutchinson, and J. B. Lippincott Co. published the first American edition in 1890. |
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| Thomas Benoist, the owner of an aviation school in Kinloch Park, St. Louis, decided to promote a parachute jump from an airplane, a feat thought either impossible or crazy. The guinea-pig was ‘Captain’ Albert Berry, son of a balloonist and himself a professional parachute jumper. Twice the attempt had to be delayed because of bad weather. Finally, on March 1, 1912, the aircraft, a Benoist ‘pusher’ biplane (so-called because the propellers face the rear) piloted by Anthony Jannus and carrying Berry, took off from Kinloch field and flew 18 miles to Jefferson Barracks, where the attempt was to be made. The parachute was carried in a galvanized-iron cone fixed to the undercarriage, its mouth facing the rear of the aircraft until just before the drop. From the mouth emerged two ropes connected to a trapeze bar, which had two leg loops at its end. The plane, traveling at about 55 mph, soared at 1,500 feet. |
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| The Congress shall have power to lay and collect taxes on incomes, from whatever source derived, without apportionment among the several states, and without regard to any census or enumeration. The Congress passed the Amendment on July 12, 1909, and it was ratified on February 3, 1913. |
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| The invention relates to deep sea diving suits or armors, and its object is to provide a new and improved diver's suite arranged to permit the diver, in case of danger for any cause whatever, to quickly divest himself of the suit while being submerged and to safely escape and reach the surface of the water. | ![]() |
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| "Ol' Man River" (music by Jerome Kern, lyrics by Oscar Hammerstein II) is a song in the 1927 musical Show Boat that tells the story of African American hardship and struggles of the time. It is the most famous song in the show. It was first performed live by Jules Bledsoe in December 1927, and the most famous version of this song, one that is still noted today, was sung by Paul Robeson in James Whale's 1936 film version of Show Boat (Robeson had performed the song several times before this film though, even recording it with Paul Whiteman's orchestra back in 1928). |
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| Charles Augustus Lindbergh, Jr., twenty-month-old son of the famous aviator and Anne Morrow Lindbergh, was kidnapped about 9:00 p.m., on March 1, 1932, from the nursery on the second floor of the Lindbergh home near Hopewell, New Jersey. A search of the premises was immediately made and a ransom note demanding $50,000 was found on the nursery window sill. Harold Thomas “Boake” Carter covered the Lindbergh baby kidnapping in 1932 on WCAU radio in Philadelphia. |
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| By March 2nd 21 states had closed their banks. Over 200 million dollars in gold had been taken out of US banks. The following day panic spread to the Federal Reserve as 110 million dollars in gold was paid out to foreign banks from New York and Chicago banks. |
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| Connecticut's 1937 base was the first United States plate intended to be used "permanently". It was made of heavy-guage aluminum with no background paint (thus none to fade or rust). Slots at the bottom were made to accommodate annual revalidation tabs. It was used for 11 years before the next "permanent" plate was issued. |
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| Captain America was one of the most popular characters of Marvel Comics (then known as Timely) during the Golden Age of Comic Books. Captain America immediately became the most prominent and enduring of a wave of patriotically themed superheroes introduced in American comic books prior to and during World War II. With his sidekick Bucky, Captain America faced Nazis, Japanese and other threats to wartime America and the Allies. |
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| "Duffy's Tavern" was a place on Third Avenue and 23rd St. in New York City. In the show's familiar opening, "When Irish Eyes Are Smiling," either solo on an old-sounding piano or by a larger orchestra, was interrupted by the ring of a telephone and Gardner's New Yorkese accent as he answered, "Duffy's Tavern, where the elite meet to eat, Duffy ain't here, Archie the Manager speakin'…Duffy ain't here---oh, hello, Duffy." The show often featured top-name stage and film guest stars but always hooked those around the misadventures, get-rich-quick-scheming, and romantic missteps of the title establishment's metaphor-mixing manager, Archie, played by the writer/actor who created the show, Ed Gardner. |
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| Classical music formatted WSM-FM Nashville Tennessee, which as W47NV earned the distinction of being America’s first commercial FM station. They signed on March 1, 1941, with 70 hours of weekly programming. The FCC had initially wanted all the stations in the first group on the air in January and actually at one time discussed canceling licenses for stations that didn’t make it, however none of them were ready and in fact the March 1 was the earliest in the nation—a feat made possible in part by the fact that WSM engineers built their own 20kw transmitter. |
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| Elmer Layden left Notre Dame to become Commissioner of the NFL, a post that had been renamed upon him taking the job. In 6 years as Commissioner Layden would see the NFL through the tough war years, in which teams had to use a bunch of rag tag players as replacements, while most of the regulars were fighting in the war. Layden, by the way, was one of the legendary Four Horsemen at Notre Dame. | ![]() |
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| Joe Louis announces his retirement, leaving the world Heavyweight title vacant after 11 years, six months, and a world record 25 defenses as world champion. Louis would un-retire and come back in 1950 and lose a decision to Heavyweight Champion Ezzard Charles failing to regain what seem to belong to him forever. | ![]() |
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| King followed “Tennessee Waltz” in 1951 with "Slow Poke," a novelty tune that topped both the country and pop charts, spending over three months at number one. | ![]() |
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| In his first spring practice, Red Sox slugger Ted Williams breaks his collarbone and will be out until May 15th. This, after flying 39 combat missions without injury in Korean War. | ![]() |
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| "Don't/I Beg of You" was recorded on January 7, 1958. Later in the month, he began recording and filming “King Creole.” | ![]() |
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| This U.S. government agency of volunteers was established by executive order in 1961 by President John F. Kennedy. Its purpose is to assist other countries in their development efforts by providing skilled workers in the fields of education, agriculture, health, trade, technology, and community development. Volunteers are expected to serve for two years as good neighbors in the host country, to speak its language, and to live on a level comparable to that of the local residents. |
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| The first Kmart store opened in 1962 in Garden City, Michigan. A total of eighteen Kmart stores opened that year. Kmart became known for its "Blue Light Specials." They occurred at surprise moments when a store worker would light up a mobile police light and offer a discount in a specific department of the store. The phrase "attention Kmart shoppers" also entered into the American pop psyche. |
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| Venera 3 became the first manmade object to impact another planet's surface as it crash-landed on March 1, 1966. However, as the spacecraft's dataprobes had failed upon atmospheric penetration, no data from within the Venusian boundary was retrieved from the mission. | ![]() |
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| In the spring of 1967, NBC cancels the series due to low ratings. However, an unprecedented write-in campaign is organized by fan Bjo Trimble and supported by a number of vocal science fiction authors. NBC receives so many letters that when the season finale is aired, a special announcement is made that Star Trek would return in the fall. |
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| By 1965 the Yankees's run was over. Mantle became unhappy with his pain and with his many strikeouts. During the 1965 season he said, "It isn't any fun when things are like this. I'm only thirty-three, but I feel like forty." Mantle continued to play through the 1968 season; he announced his retirement in the spring of 1969. Mantle left the Yankees with many great achievements. In addition to hitting 536 lifetime home runs, he led the American League in homers four times and was chosen as its most valuable player three times. He is one of only a few players to win a Triple Crown. He played on twelve pennant-winning and seven World Series-winning teams. He still holds the all-time record for home runs in World Series play (18). |
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| Sly Stone wrote this about how everyone is essentially the same, regardless of race or background. Billy Preston played organ on this. Preston has appeared on many famous songs, including some by The Beatles and Rolling Stones. | ![]() |
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| Watergate grand jury indicts Haldeman, Ehrlichman, Colson, Strachan, Mitchell, Mardian and Parkinson on charges of covering up the Watergate break-in. |
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| "The Best of My Love" is a song by the Eagles, which was released in 1974 from the album On the Border. The lead vocals were by Don Henley. | ![]() |
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| In 1959, it invented the bank credit card, the BankAmericard, which changed its name to VISA in 1977. A consortium of other California banks came up with Master Charge (now MasterCard) in order to compete with BankAmericard. |
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| The Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976 established a fishery conservation zone contiguous to the territorial sea of the United States, effective March 1, 1977. |
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| At first, this was not released in the US. Since the album was not out yet, radio stations there started playing import copies of the single. This led Queen's record company to release it in America, about 3 months after it came out in England. | ![]() |
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| Venus 13 functioned on the surface for 2 hours, 7 minutes, long enough to obtain 14 images. The data from Venera 13 & 14 produced a confirmed gamma-ray burst event of 1 every 3 days, a factor of 3 better than had been deduced previously from Venera 11 & 12 and Prognoz 7. A total of 44, mostly confirmed, cosmic gamma-ray events were detected between November 1981 and March 1982 by the 2 instruments. |
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| When "Kyrie" was a hit, very few people listening to Top 40 radio had any idea that they were singing "Lord Have Mercy, Down the Road that I must travel!" The religious significance was mostly lost. This was Mr. Mister's second #1 hit in the US. The first was "Broken Wings." | ![]() |
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| On July 30, 1990, commissioner Fay Vincent banned Steinbrenner from baseball for life after he paid Howie Spira, a small-time gambler, $40,000 for "dirt" on his outfielder Dave Winfield after Winfield sued him for failing to pay his foundation the $300,000 guaranteed in his contract. | ![]() |
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| When founded in 1993, the Mighty Ducks were owned by The Walt Disney Company. The team's original name was chosen from the Disney movie The Mighty Ducks, based on a group of misfit teens who turn their losing youth hockey team into a winner. | ![]() |
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| On March 1, 1996, Wilkens won his 1,000th game, a 74-68 victory over Cleveland. In just four seasons as head coach of the Hawks, Wilkens ranks third in all-time wins with 251. He is first on Seattle's all-time coaching list with 478 victories, first on Cleveland's coaching list (316) and fifth on Portland's list with 75 victories. | ![]() |
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| The North American Numbering Plan (NANP) is an integrated numbering plan of 24 countries and territories : the United States and its territories, Canada, Bermuda, and 16 Caribbean nations. It is a system of three-digit area codes and seven-digit telephone numbers that direct telephone calls to particular regions on a public switched telephone network (PSTN), where they are further routed by the local network. The overlap between area codes and exchange prefixes has occasionally produced some confusion because the three digits can be the same for both. Nashua, New Hampshire, for example, has a local exchange that begins 888, which is also an area code for toll-free calls. If somebody in Nashua means to call 1-888-555-1212 but forgets the initial "1," he or she will actually dial the local number 1-603-888-5551. |
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0045 BC Start of revised Julian
calendar in Rome
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1642 Georgeana (York) ME became the first incorporated
American city
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1692 Sarah Goode, Sarah Osborne, & Tituba
arrest for witchcraft (Salem MA)
More ...
1780 Pennsylvania becomes first US state to abolish
slavery (for new-borns only)
More ...
1781 Formal ratification of the Articles of Confederation
was announced by Congress
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1790 First US census authorized
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1792 US Presidential Succession Act passed
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1864 Rebecca Lee became the first black woman
to receive an American medical degree
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1869 Postage stamps showing scenes are issued
for first time
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1872 Yellowstone becomes world's first national
park
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1873 E. Remington and Sons began
the manufacturing of the first practical typewriter
More ...
1890 First US edition of Sherlock Holmes (Study
in Scarlet) published
More ...
1912 Captain Albert Berry made the first
parachute jump from a moving airplane
More ...
1913 Federal income tax takes effect (16th amendment)
More ...
1921 Harry Houdini was granteda patent for a "diver's
suit"
More ...
1928 Paul Whiteman and his orchestra recorded
"Ol Man River" featuring Paul Robeson
More ...
1932 NBC and CBS radio rushed to Hopewell, NJ to cover the
Lindbergh kidnapping
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1933 Bank holidays declared in 6 states, to prevent
run on banks
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1937 First permanent automobile license plates
issued (Connecticut)
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1937 US Steel raises workers' wages to $5 a day
1941 "Captain America" appears in a
comic book
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1941 "Duffys Tavern" debuted on
CBS radio
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1941 FM Radio began in the U.S. when station W47NV
in Nashville, TN started operations
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1941 Elmer Layden becomes first NFL commisioner
More ...
1942 Baseball decides that players in military
can't play when on furlough
1949 Joe Louis retires as heavyweight boxing champion
More ...
1949 The Browns, owners of Sportsman's Park, move
to evict the Cardinals in order to gain a rental increase
1952 "Slow Poke" by Pee Wee King topped
the charts
More ...
1954 Ted Williams fractures collarbone in first
game of spring training
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1958 "Don't/I Beg of You" by Elvis Presley
topped the charts
More ...
1961 President Kennedy establishes the Peace Corps
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1962 KMart opens
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1966 Venera 3 becomes first man-made object to
impact on a planet (Venus)
More ...
1968 NBC's unprecedented on-air announcement,
Star Trek will return
More ...
1969 New York Yankees' Mickey Mantle announces
his retirement from baseball
More ...
1969 "Everyday People" by Sly &
the Family Stone topped the charts
More ...
1973 Robyn Smith becomes first female jockey to
win a major race
1974 Watergate grand jury indicts 7 Presidential
aides
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1975 "Best of My Love" by the Eagles
topped the charts
More ...
1977 Bank of America adopts the name VISA for
their credit cards
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1977 US extends territorial waters to 200 miles
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1980 "Crazy Little Thing Called Love"
by Queen topped the charts
More ...
1982 Soviet Venus 13 soft lands on Venus
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1986 "Kyrie" by Mr. Mister topped the
charts
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1993 George Steinbenner is reinstated as owner
of New York Yankees
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1993 New expansion NHL team, owned by Disney,
is named the Mighty Ducks
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1996 Lenny Wilkens, winningest coach in NBA, coaches
his 1,000th victory
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1996 New toll-free 888 area code introduced
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